ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), parathy-roid hormone (PTH) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and the influence of biochemical markers of bone turnover in Graves’dis-ease. Methods Sixty-two patients with Graves’disease were enrolled into the Graves’disease group and 91 healthy indi-viduals as a control group. Electrochemical luminescence was used to evaluate the plasma levels of PTH and 25-hydroxyvita-min D in two groups. The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and ALP were measured with biochemistry methods in two groups. Results The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, ALP and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly higher in the Graves’disease group compared with those in control group (P<0.01). The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, ALP and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly higher in female patients than those of control group, and the level of PTH was lower than that of control group. For male patients, the levels of ALP and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were higher than those of control group, and the level of PTH was lower than that of control group. In Graves’disease group, patients with vitamin D deficien-cy were 17 cases (27.4%), insufficiency 20 cases (32.3%) and sufficiency 25 cases (40.3%), respectively. In control group, there were 54 cases with vitamin D deficiency (59.3%), 31 cases with insufficiency vitamin D (34.1%) and 6 cases with suffi-ciency vitamin D (6.6%), respectively. There was no correlation in plasma levels of PTH, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, serum calci-um and serum phosphorus in Graves’disease group. Conclusion The bone turnover is accelerated in Graves’disease. The increased plasma level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is related with increased calcium level and decreased PTH level in Graves’ disease. The increased serum phosphorus reduces 1-α-hydroxylase activity. Vitamin D deficiency plays a minor role in bone metabolism of Graves’disease.
ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM] occurs around the world with high prevalence and causes serious physical harm and economic burden to the afflicted. Haikou City is China's southernmost tropical island city, which has not been previously studied for its T2DM prevalence. The objective of the study in employing a cross-sectional survey is to discuss the epidemiologic status of T2DM in Haikou City and to analyze the possible determinants. A total of 12,000 community residents over 18 years old from four districts in Haikou City were stratified-randomly sampled. A questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using SPSS17.0 software. The prevalence of T2DM in Haikou City was 5.3% [5.15% for males and 5.46% for females]. According to the multivariate analysis, the positive factors mainly associated with T2DM in the city included family history, Waist-to-Hip Ratio [WHR], triglycerides, low high-density lipoproteins [HDL], and blood pressure. For both men and women, family history was the highest independent risk factor associated with T2DM [OR= 47.128]. The T2DM risk increased with increasing metabolic aggregate. The prevalence of T2DM for the community population of Haikou City was low. The possible risk factors included age, occupation, BMI, waist circumference, WHR, overweight, systemic obesity, central obesity, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, family history, and HDL